수능영어 독학-4 (문제)

여러분,

3편에서 주제문을 찾으면,

빈칸 답을 찾기 수월하다는 것을 인지하셨을 것입니다.

이제는 제가 주제문을 찾아주는 것이 아니라

여러분이 직접 할 차례입니다.

빈칸에 들어갈 말과 최대한 비슷한 문장이나, 어구를 찾는 것입니다.

이 훈련은 여러분이 수능 3교시 31-34번 문제를 푸는 데

엄청난 도움을 줄 것입니다.

해설지를 수험생들의 입장에서 가능성을 열어두고

모든 사람들이 납득할 수 있도록 쓸 예정이니

부디 고민을 많이 해서 풀어주시기 바랍니다.

지금 문제푸는 것은 중요하지 않습니다.

고민하는 시간을 늘리고 심사숙고해서

“근거를 찾으시기 바랍니다.”

총 10문제입니다. 모두들 화이팅

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오(* malleable: 순응성이 있는 , prune: 잘라 내다)

① Thanks to newly developed neuroimaging technology, we now have access to the specific brain changes that occur during learning.

② Even though all of our brains contain the same basic structures, our neural networks are as unique as our fingerprints.

③ The latest developmental neuroscience research has shown that the brain is much more malleable throughout life than previously assumed; it develops in response to its own processes, to its immediate and distant “environments,” and to its past and current situations.

④ The brain seeks to create meaning through establishing or refining existing neural networks.

⑤ When we learn a new fact or skill, our neurons communicate to form networks of connected information. Using this knowledge or skill results in structural changes to allow similar future impulses to travel more quickly and efficiently than others.

⑥ High-activity synaptic connections are stabilized and strengthened, while connections with relatively low use are weakened and eventually pruned.

⑦  In this way, our brains are                                   .

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* unobtrusive: 눈에 띄지 않는)

① Successful integration of an educational technology is marked by that technology being regarded by users as an unobtrusive facilitator of learning, instruction, or performance.

② When the focus shifts from the technology being used to the educational purpose that technology serves, then that technology is becoming a comfortable and trusted element, and can be regarded as being successfully integrated.

③ Few people give a second thought to the use of a ball-point pen although the mechanisms involved vary ― some use a twist mechanism and some use a push button on top, and there are other variations as well.

④ Personal computers have reached a similar level of familiarity for a great many users, but certainly not for all. New and emerging technologies often introduce both fascination and frustration with users.

⑤ As long as                       in promoting learning, instruction, or performance, then one ought not to conclude that the technology has been successfully integrated ― at least for that user.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* peregrine falcon: 송골매, least tern: 갈매기)

① Some people have defined wildlife damage management as the science and management of overabundant species, but this definition is too narrow.

② All wildlife species act in ways that harm human interests.

③ Thus, all species cause wildlife damage, not just overabundant ones.

④ One interesting example of this involves endangered peregrine falcons in California, which prey on another endangered species, the California least tern.

⑤ Certainly, we would not consider peregrine falcons as being overabundant, but we wish that they would not feed on an endangered species.

⑥ In this case, one of the negative values associated with a peregrine falcon population is that its predation reduces the population of another endangered species.

⑦ The goal of wildlife damage management in this case would be to stop the falcons from eating the terns without _________ the falcons.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* excavation: 발굴, deduce: 추론하다 )

① Through recent decades academic archaeologists have been urged to conduct their research and excavations according to hypothesis-testing procedures.

② It has been argued that we should construct our general theories, deduce testable propositions and prove or disprove them against the sampled data. In fact, the application of this ‘scientific method’ often ran into difficulties.

③ The data have a tendency to lead to unexpected questions, problems and issues.

④ Thus, archaeologists claiming to follow hypothesis-testing procedures found themselves having to create a fiction.

⑤ In practice, their work and theoretical conclusions partly developed __________________________.

⑥ In other words, they already knew the data when they decided upon an interpretation.

⑦ But in presenting their work they rewrote the script, placing the theory first and claiming to have tested it against data which they discovered, as in an experiment under laboratory conditions.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* morph: 변화하다)

① Digital technology accelerates dematerialization by hastening the migration from products to services.

② The liquid nature of services means they don’t have to be bound to materials.

③ But dematerialization is not just about digital goods.

④ The reason even solid physical goods ― like a soda can ― can deliver more benefits while inhabiting less material is because their heavy atoms are substituted by weightless bits.

⑤ The tangible is replaced by intangibles ― intangibles like better design, innovative processes, smart chips, and eventually online connectivity ― that do the work that more aluminum atoms used to do.

⑥ Soft things, like intelligence, are thus embedded into hard things, like aluminum, that make hard things behave more like software.

⑦ Material goods infused with bits increasingly act as if _______________.

⑧ Nouns morph to verbs. Hardware behaves like software. In Silicon Valley they say it like this: “Software eats everything.”

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* an other: 타자(他者))

① Not all Golden Rules are alike; two kinds emerged over time.

② The negative version instructs restraint; the positive encourages intervention.

③ One sets a baseline of at least not causing harm; the other points toward aspirational or idealized beneficent behavior.

④ While examples of these rules abound, too many to list exhaustively, let these versions suffice for our purpose here: “What is hateful to you do not do to another” and “Love another as yourself.”

⑤Both versions insist on caring for others, whether through acts of omission, such as not injuring, or through acts of commission, by actively intervening. Yet while these Golden Rules encourage an agent to care for an other, they ___________________________________.

⑥ The purposeful displacement of concern away from the ego nonetheless remains partly self-referential.

⑦ Both the negative and the positive versions invoke the ego as the fundamental measure against which behaviors are to be evaluated.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* embellish: 윤색하다)

① When you begin to tell a story again that you have retold many times, what you retrieve from memory is the index to the story itself. That index can be embellished in a variety of ways.

② Over time, even the embellishments become standardized. An old man’s story that he has told hundreds of times shows little variation, and any variation that does exist becomes part of the story itself, regardless of its origin.

③ People add details to their stories that may or may not have occurred.

④ They are recalling indexes and reconstructing details. If at some point they add a nice detail, not really certain of its validity, telling the story with that same detail a few more times will ___________________.

⑤ In other words, the stories we tell time and again are identical to the memory we have of the events that the story relates.

⑥ Stories change over time because of the process of telling, because of the embellishments added by the teller.

⑦ The actual events that gave rise to the story in the first place have long since been forgotten.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* debilitation: 건강 악화)

① With population growth slowing, the strongest force increasing demand for more agricultural production will be rising incomes, which are desired by practically all governments and individuals.

② Although richer people spend smaller proportions of their income on food, in total they consume more food ― and richer food, which contributes to various kinds of disease and debilitation.

③ The changes in diet that usually accompany higher incomes will require relatively greater increases in the production of feed grains, rather than food grains, as foods of animal origin partly ____________________.

④ It takes two to six times more grain to produce food value through animals than to get the equivalent value directly from plants.

⑤ It is thus quite credible to estimate that in order to meet economic and social needs within the next three to five decades, the world should be producing more than twice as much grain and agricultural products as at present, but in ways that these are accessible to the food-insecure.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* subordinate: 종속하는)

① If one looks at the Oxford definition, one gets the sense that post-truth is not so much a claim that truth does not exist as that facts are subordinate to our political point of view.

② The Oxford definition focuses on “what” post-truth is: the idea that feelings sometimes matter more than facts.

③ But just as important is the next question, which is why this ever occurs.

④ Someone does not argue against an obvious or easily confirmable fact for no reason; he or she does so when it is to his or her advantage.

⑤ When a person’s beliefs are threatened by an “inconvenient fact,” sometimes it is preferable to challenge the fact.

⑥ This can happen at either a conscious or unconscious level (since sometimes the person we are seeking to convince is ourselves), but the point is that this sort of post-truth relationship to facts occurs only when we are seeking to assert something ____________________.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (* subsistence farming: 자급농업, empirically: 경험적으로

① The debates between social and cultural anthropologists concern not the differences between the concepts but the analytical priority: which should come first, the social chicken or the cultural egg?

② British anthropology emphasizes the social. It assumes that social institutions determine culture and that universal domains of society (such as kinship, economy, politics, and religion) are represented by specific institutions (such as the family, subsistence farming, the British Parliament, and the Church of England) which can be compared cross-culturally.

③ American anthropology emphasizes the cultural. It assumes that culture shapes social institutions by providing the shared beliefs, the core values, the communicative tools, and so on that make social life possible.

④ It does not assume that there are universal social domains, preferring instead to discover domains empirically as aspects of each society’s own classificatory schemes ― in other words, its culture.

⑤ And it rejects the notion that any social institution can be understood _____________________.